The height of the layer is small compared to the horizontal dimension. The experimental set-up uses a layer of liquid, e.g. The features of Bénard convection can be obtained by a simple experiment first conducted by Henri Bénard, a French physicist, in 1900.ĭevelopment of convection Convection cells in a gravity field This upwelling spontaneously organizes into a regular pattern of cells. The initial movement is the upwelling of less- dense fluid from the warmer bottom layer. īuoyancy, and hence gravity, are responsible for the appearance of convection cells.
The convection patterns are the most carefully examined example of self-organizing nonlinear systems. Bénard–Rayleigh convection is one of the most commonly studied convection phenomena because of its analytical and experimental accessibility. In fluid thermodynamics, Rayleigh–Bénard convection is a type of natural convection, occurring in a planar horizontal layer of fluid heated from below, in which the fluid develops a regular pattern of convection cells known as Bénard cells. Type of heat transfer within fluids Bénard cells.
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